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Dichloromethane (DCM or methylene chloride, methylene bichloride[14]) is an organochlorine compound with the formula CH2Cl2. This colorless, volatile liquid with a chloroform-like, sweet odour is widely used as a solvent. Although it is not miscible with water, it is polar, and miscible with many organic solvents.
The identified uses of dichloromethane are pesticides (chemicals used for killing pests, such as rodents, insects, or plants). NIOSH considers methylene chloride a potential occupational carcinogen. Decomposes on heating or on burning and on contact with hot surfaces. This produces toxic and corrosive fumes including hydrogen chloride (see ICSC 0163), phosgene (see ICSC 0007) and carbon monoxide (see ICSC 0023). Reacts violently with strong oxidants, strong bases and metals such as aluminium powder and magnesium powder. This generates fire and explosion hazard. Attacks some forms of plastic, rubber and coatings. In the absence of moisture at ordinary temp, dichloromethane is relatively stable when compared with its congeners, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride.
It is flammable in the range of 12-19% in air but ignition is difficult.The vapour is heavier than air. As a result of flow, agitation, etc., electrostatic charges can be generated.DICHLOROMETHANE reacts vigorously with active metals such as lithium, sodium and potassium, and with strong bases such as potassium tert-butoxide. It is incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong caustics and chemically active metals such as aluminum or magnesium powders. The liquid will attack some forms of plastic, rubber and coatings. This compound reacts with sodium-potassium alloy, (potassium hydrogen + N-methyl-N-nitrosurea), nitrogen tetraoxide and liquid oxygen. It also reacts with titanium. On contact with water it corrodes iron, some stainless steels, copper and nickel. It is incompatible with alkali metals. It is incompatible with amines, zinc and alloys of aluminum, magnesium and zinc. This compound is liable to explode when mixed with dinitrogen pentaoxide or nitric acid. Mixtures of this compound in air with methanol vapor are flammable. (NTP, 1992)
It can be decomposed by contact with hot surfaces and open flame, and then yield toxic fumes that are irritating and give warning of their presence. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of phosgene and /hydrogen chloride/.
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